Life Span Development Interviewing an Elderly Person. Thesis. Pages: 5 ( words) · Style: APA · Bibliography Sources: 3 · blogger.com · Level: College Senior · Topic: Psychology. Life Span Development. Interviewing an elderly person proves a very effective insight and overview into life span development. By posing the appropriate questions one can elicit information and insight as to how certain aspects and influences change life development Adolescence, early adulthood, middle-age and late adulthood represent the lifespan developmental stages during which an individual develops a self identity through past events and memories. Children view the past as factual events, adolescents and young adults ponder and research the meaning and validity of past events (McAdams, ) Life Span Development Reflective Paper Introduction Brenda Watson Leadership Coaching September 19, This has been a very fascinating journey from prenatal, birth to old age. The goal of this paper is to show how my knowledge and understanding of life span development has increased, as well as demonstrate how this knowledge and understanding will apply to and can be used within my area of
Reflection on Lifespan Development Free Essay Example
In this paper I will explore lifespan development by identifying and discussing the stages of development, theoretical perspectives and research related to lifespan development. I will conclude with discussing how my knowledge and understanding of lifespan development can be applied within lifespan development interview and reflection paper specialization of Industrial-Organizational I-O Psychology.
At age 42, I have no regrets in life. My parents set the stage for my desire for achievement and accomplishment, and I set out to do the same for my children. For example, my enrollment in this course was the consequence of years of work in a field that I no longer hold a passion.
My academic career has seen me bounce from nursing to education and finally settling with business. My most important career as a mother is about to take new direction, as my youngest children begin their collegiate journey. My love of teaching is why I decided to embark on my new academic journey. I have sailed through my lifespan with no regrets and surely do not want to tack any on so late in life. This course is my first course in psychology. The course material has been somewhat challenging because my background is not in psychology.
My lack of foundational knowledge in psychology has required me to do a bit more than skim through scholarly literature. I feel I have a better understanding of lifespan development now than I did at the outset of this course, yet I know my journey into the world of psychology has only just begun. Lifespan development is deals with understanding the growth, changes, and stability of behavior that occur throughout the lifespan.
The field of lifespan development studies the patterns in physical development, cognitive development, and personality and social development that occur during the lifespan Berk, Personality development is the study of stability and change in the characteristics that differentiate one person from another. Those who study lifespan development approach the field from different perspectives. These perspectives are based on various developmental theories.
Six major theoretical perspectives are used in lifespan development: psychodynamic perspective, behavioral perspective, cognitive perspective, humanistic perspective, contextual perspective, and evolutionary perspective.
Although each has added significant value to the study of lifespan development, this paper will focus primarily on the psychodynamic, behavior, and cognitive perspectives. The psychodynamic perspective focuses on the inner person Berk, Supporters of the psychodynamic perspective believe that inner forces, memories, and conflicts of which a person has little control motivate behavior throughout the lifespan Berk, The name that comes to mind when discussing the psychodynamic perspective is Viennese physician and theorist, lifespan development interview and reflection paper, Sigmund Freud.
Freud believed there are three aspects to the human personality: the id, ego lifespan development interview and reflection paper superego. The id is the lifespan development interview and reflection paper of personality that exists at birth.
The id operates on what Freud calls the pleasure principle Berk,lifespan development interview and reflection paper, p. The rational and reasoning aspect of personality is called the ego. The reality principle Berk,p. The superego guides a person through the journey between right and wrong. In addition to his theory on the different parts of human personality Freud also formulated theory to explain the manner in which personality develops during the lifespan.
The oral stage takes place during the first year of life. Freud believed during this stage all needs are satisfied orally or through the mouth; for example, eating and drinking. The anal stage takes place during the second year of life.
During this stage the battle between control and letting go begins. The phallic stage takes place during the third and fifth years of life.
During this stage a child develops a fixation with the genitals. According to Erikson Berk, society and culture have an influence on human development. The first stage of development, trust versus mistrust, occurs during infancy birth to 1-year-old. In contrast if an infant does not receive enough or irregular care, or if caregivers are unresponsive, the infant can develop mistrust.
The autonomy versus shame and doubt is the next stage, which occurs between the first and third years of life. According to Erikson successful development through one stage is essential for an individual to pass on to the next stage of development.
During the autonomy versus shame and doubt stage a child begins to develop its independence. Physical and cognitive growth and control during this stage afford a child the desire and ability to explore outside the comfort and security of his or her parental safe haven. Parents who are overprotective and do not allow their children to explore their independence lifespan development interview and reflection paper their child developing issues with their self-esteem and confidence.
If not allowed to explore independent of the parental structure a child could begin to doubt her ability and feel shameful for not being able to accomplish expected tasks. The initiative versus guilt stage occurs during early childhood.
During this stage a child begins to develop social skills and learns to manage her behavior. Interaction with peers and individuals outside the family structure has a major influence on development during this stage.
The industry versus inferiority stage is the development period that occurs during adolescence. The identity versus role confusion is the stage of development in which adolescents explore self or role identity. The adolescent begins to define who she is and what she wants to do in life.
In contrast to self-awareness adolescents may experience role confusion during this stage. Some adolescents will have trouble establishing the level of self-understanding necessary for positive life direction. The intimacy versus isolation stage of development is the period of development where intimate relationships are formed; young adults develop meaningful friendship, fall in love, and establish relationship skills that will impact their ability to form future relationships, lifespan development interview and reflection paper.
Adolescents who fail to establish a sense of trust for their environment may have trouble in establishing intimate relationships. The generativity versus stagnation stage of development occurs during middle adulthood. During this stage of development an adult begins to evaluate how her past and present behavior impact the lives of others, rather than focusing only on her personal wants and needs life.
This stage is the time for reflection. An adult evaluates life choices and assess whether goals and dreams were fulfilled or whether life choice have left her with regrets. Psychodynamic theory centers on development relative to the unconscious mind. Freud argues that development is complete by adolescence and that unconscious behavior affects development; where as Erikson suggests development is a continuous process throughout the lifespan and occurs in eight stages.
Each theorist has contributed important information to the understanding of lifespan development. According to Berkpsychoanalytical theory provides a strong basis for understanding past behavior but does not do a very good job with predicting future behavior. Furthermore behavioral theorist suggests that nurture rather than nature is more significant to human development. The behavioral perspective views development from a more personal perspective. Unlike psychoanalytical theorists that believe each person will pass through the same stage of development at approximately the same stage in life; behavioral theorists believe that development is different for each person, given that each person will respond to her environment in a different way.
Behaviorism rejects the psychoanalytical theory of studying the unconscious mind to understand human development Feldman, Behaviorism focuses on things that can be seen — social and cultural cues, human action and reaction and other observable aspects of the external environment.
Unlike psychoanalytical theorist who believed that development is discontinuous — occurring in distinct stages; behavioral theorists believe that development is a continuous process — gradual levels of achievement building on previous level Feldman, Research conducted by Psychologist Ivan Pavlov, John Watson and B.
Skinner set the foundation for Behaviorism. Watson conducted similar research involving the principle of classical conditioning except he used human beings as his test subjects. Watson conducted an experiment where he gave an infant a rat to assess he fear of the creature. Once it was determined that the infant was not afraid a loud noise was sounded each time the infant was allowed to play with the rat.
The noise did frighten the infant, lifespan development interview and reflection paper. After this coupling of the rat and loud lifespan development interview and reflection paper was accomplished a few times the infant began to develop a fear of not only the loud noise but also the rat. Skinner took a different approach to his research and set out to understand the principle of operant conditioning. Operant conditioning suggest that certain behaviors are associated with certain consequences, for example, if a parent wants a child to behave the parent could give the child some type of reward that would induce good behavior.
Most are familiar with the later principle of operant conditioning; many aspects of human behavior are controlled by some type of reward and punishment system Santrock et al, Lifespan development interview and reflection paper Perspective. The cognitive perspective focuses on the development of human understanding, lifespan development interview and reflection paper. Cognitive theory is constructed around the conscious mind rather than the unconscious mind psychoanalytical theory.
The four stages are the sensorimotor stage—use of the senses and movements in infancy to explore the world; preoperational stage — use of words and images, symbolic but illogical thinking of preschool aged children; concrete operational stage—organized logic and reasoning of school-aged children; and formal operational stage—complex, abstract reasoning system of the adolescent and adult Berk,p.
The four stages involve a pattern or organization and adaptation. Piaget suggests that this process of organization and adaptation is continuous throughout the lifespan because the way human beings think is in constant evolution. As we age our experiences grow, as does our brain. For example, a child perception of where babies come from will no doubt change over the course of his or her lifespan development interview and reflection paper, yet if you ask a child where babies come from the child will try to associate what he or she understands about babies to answer your questions.
The common response usually has to do with two people loving each other; yet many find as they get older love has very little to do with where babies come from. The cognitive perspective contributed to lifespan development the concept that learning begins well before human beings can formulate words.
Where an infant will use its body and immature sound to communicate its needs an adult will use reasoning and logic to get its way.
Development throughout the lifespan is divided into periods: the prenatal period conception to birth ; infancy period birth to three years old ; early childhood three to six years old ; middle childhood six to 12 years old : adolescence 12 to 20 years old ; early adulthood 20 to 40 years old ; middle adulthood 40 to 60 years old ; and late adulthood 60 years old to death.
Each period is characterized with specific physical and cognitive growth and developmental changes, lifespan development interview and reflection paper. This part of the paper will define each period of development and examine theory and lifespan development interview and reflection paper relative to the period.
The importance of preconception health has been far overlooked. As the mother of three, when my spouse and I began to discuss the possibility of having a baby one of my first thoughts was whether I was healthy enough to conceive. I believe once an individual or couple make the decision to conceive the importance of his or her their preconception health is removed from the equation, even though preconception health has a major impact on prenatal development.
Proper health care prior to conception will improve the chances for successful prenatal development. The prenatal period sets the foundation for future development. The prenatal period begins with conceptions and ends with birth.
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· The purpose of this paper is to present a comparison of my knowledge and understanding of lifespan development at the outset of course PSY Lifespan Development and at the courses’ end. In this paper I will explore lifespan development by identifying and discussing the stages of development, theoretical perspectives and research related to lifespan blogger.comted Reading Time: 11 mins Adolescence, early adulthood, middle-age and late adulthood represent the lifespan developmental stages during which an individual develops a self identity through past events and memories. Children view the past as factual events, adolescents and young adults ponder and research the meaning and validity of past events (McAdams, ) Reflection Paper On Lifespan Development Words | 5 Pages On October 13, , our Life-Span Development class had the opportunity to observe the physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional development of Levi, a seventeen-month-old male toddler. When he came to the observation with his mother, father, and sister
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